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The 130th Annual Meeting of APHA |
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The 130th Annual Meeting of APHA |
Kim Van Naarden Braun, MPH1, Don Lollar, EdD2, and Marshalyn Yeargin-Allsopp, MD1. (1) National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway NE MS F-15, Atlanta, GA 30341, 770-488-3525, kbn5@cdc.gov, (2) Office of Disability and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, Building 101, F29, Atlanta, GA 30341-3724
Previous research on the epidemiology of developmental disabilities (DDs) has focused primarily on the dimension of impairment, with little attention to its relationship with functioning or to implications for participation. The purpose of this study was to describe the epidemiology of developmental disabilities in terms of three dimensions of disability: impairment (loss in bodily or psychological function or structure), activity limitations [i.e., activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs)], and participation restrictions (e.g., employment, school) (ICF'01). This study used two datasets to examine the relationships between the different dimensions of developmental disabilities and the role of contextual factors (e.g., transportation and/or financial assistance): (1) the Metropolitan Atlanta Developmental Disabilities Study (MADDS, n=1,608), which identified children with DDs in terms of impairments at age 10 years and a contemporaneous control group of children without DDs; and (2) the MADDS Follow-Up Study of Young Adults (n=635), which investigated functioning and participation in a sub sample of MADDS children in young adulthood (aged 20-25). Two specific hypotheses were tested in support of a multi-directional and multi-dimensional model: 1) activity limitations cannot be predicted by impairment alone; rather, contextual barriers and participation restrictions are also associated with variations in activity limitations, and 2) participation restrictions cannot be predicted by impairment alone; rather, contextual barriers and activity limitations are also associated with variations in participation restrictions. Results suggest that type and severity of impairment alone cannot predict the presence and extent of activity limitations and participation restrictions. Further research needs to be focused on understanding contextual factors and their relationships with impairment, activity limitations, and participation restrictions.
Learning Objectives: 1.Evaluate the epidemiology of developmental disabilities in terms of three dimensions
Presenting author's disclosure statement:
I do not have any significant financial interest/arrangement or affiliation with any organization/institution whose products or services are being discussed in this session.