State-based peer specialist training and certification programs: Scope and impact

Peer specialists are a rapidly emerging mental health workforce that has been instrumental in the transformation of the mental health system from the traditional medical model to a recovery-oriented model. Individuals in recovery from mental health issues who are skilled in sharing their experiential knowledge have been shown to improve mental and physical health outcomes in consumers through the promotion of recovery. Mental health organizations hire peer specialists to provide services such as Wellness Recovery Action Planning (WRAP), recovery education, peer support groups, goal setting and advocacy skill development, and outreach and engagement.  Since 2001, more than three-quarters of the states have realized the invaluable role peers play in mental health care and as a result, have developed programs to provide training and certification for this workforce.  Peer Specialist Training and Certification (PSTC) programs have allowed mental health organizations to bill for peer-provided services through Medicaid, which generates income while improving consumer outcomes. To understand the scope of PSTC programs across the nation, a systematic review of state-based programs was conducted. Researchers collected data on specific program elements primarily using an internet search methodology. Follow-up contact was made with state representatives via email or phone.  Program elements, such as the application process, curriculum components, competencies, certification process, and Medicaid billing, were identified prior to data collection. Results were synthesized across states and will be presented. Implications of PSTC programs on practice and policy will be discussed.