142nd APHA Annual Meeting and Exposition

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296435
Risk Factors for HIV Transmission: Perspectives from Metropolitan Atlanta Youth

142nd APHA Annual Meeting and Exposition (November 15 - November 19, 2014): http://www.apha.org/events-and-meetings/annual
Tuesday, November 18, 2014

Andres Camacho-Gonzalez, MD, MSc , Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
Amy Wallins, LMSW , Department of Pediatrics-Division on Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
Lauren Toledo, MPH , National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Ashley Murray, MPH, CHES, CPH , Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Zaneta Gaul, MSPH , National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention- Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Madeline Sutton, MD, MPH , Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Scott Gillespie, MS , Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
Traci Leong, PhD , Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
Chanda Graves, PhD , Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
Rana Chakraborty, MD, PhD , Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Emory University, Atlanta, GA

Background: African-American youth carry the highest burden of HIV-infection in the US. Understanding adolescent and young adult (AYA) perspectives on HIV transmission risk may serve as an important framework for targeted interventions and improved access.  

Methods: We conducted exploratory qualitative focus groups and quantitative surveys with HIV-infected and uninfected youth, ages 18-24 years, from Metropolitan Atlanta. Audio Computer-Assisted Self-Interviewing surveys gauged potential risk factors for HIV acquisition using categorical, and Likert scale (LS) responses (1-10). We examined perceptions regarding HIV-education and contributors to HIV-transmission.

Results: Of 68 participants, 85% were male, 90% were African-American, 68% were HIV-infected, and 50% had high school education or less. Participants had a mean age of 21.5 years (SD: 1.8 years). Risk factors for HIV acquisition included high rates of unprotected sex (LS mean: 8.0) with personal preference (63%) and fear of rejection (55%) as main reasons. Transactional sex for food (77%), living expenses (87%) or drugs (82%) were reported by 87% of participants. No significant differences (p<0.05%) in risk behaviors were observed when stratified by HIV-status. Thematic analyses revealed that many participants had HIV-education from school or caregivers; however, they felt this education was inadequate, lacked specificity and relatability. Participants perceived that widespread use of social media, frequent sexual encounters, need for immediate gratification, and lack of concern about HIV disease were contributors to HIV-transmission among AYA.

Conclusions: HIV-prevention strategies for AYA require gender-specific HIV educational tools, including strategies for increased condom use, responsible utilization of social media, and understanding reasons for transactional sex.

Learning Areas:

Chronic disease management and prevention

Learning Objectives:
Identify contributors to HIV transmission among adolescent and young adult in metropolitan Atlanta. Describe HIV education perceptions among adolescent and young adults in Atlanta

Keyword(s): HIV/AIDS, Youth

Presenting author's disclosure statement:

Qualified on the content I am responsible for because: I am a HIV clinician and researcher as well as the principal and co-principal investigator of multiple trials looking at improvement of diagnosis, retention and linkage in care of children, adolescent and young adults.
Any relevant financial relationships? No

I agree to comply with the American Public Health Association Conflict of Interest and Commercial Support Guidelines, and to disclose to the participants any off-label or experimental uses of a commercial product or service discussed in my presentation.