School-based asthma management program: Evaluation findings

BACKGROUND: School-based Asthma Management (SAM) is an intervention that seeks to decrease rates of acute asthma exacerbations and improve case management among school-aged children within Mississippi's Delta and Southwest regions.

PURPOSE: Mississippi State Department of Health Asthma Program staff and evaluation team assessed 2011-12 SAM in providing tools to school nurses, the use of Asthma Action Plans (AAP) and barriers concerning care of asthmatic students.

SIGNIFICANCE: SAM promotes AAP usage in Mississippi and provides education and resources to school nurses, administrators, students with asthma and their caregivers.

METHODS: Surveys were disseminated to school nurses (n=58) in participating school districts. The number of AAPs on file for asthmatic students was also collected. Data captured from the survey included: 1) AAP usage, 2) completion of annual faculty and staff asthma education training, and 3) challenges or barriers that impact school nurses and asthmatic students.

RESULTS: Approximately 67% reported having AAPs on file for at least 11% or more of the asthmatic students in their school. Only 3% had 91% to 100% of AAPs. Sixty-four percent reported having completed annual asthma training for faculty and staff, while 28% had not. An overwhelming majority (91%) reported they felt more asthma education was needed in their school(s). Most nurses indicated parental compliance and the lack of asthma knowledge among students with asthma, their parents, and teachers as a barrier.

CONCLUSIONS: Evaluation results indicate SAM builds relationships and capacity with schools, students, parents, and physicians. A number of barriers impact school nurses and students with asthma.