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A comprehensive study on the status of implementation of the WHO framework convention on tobacco control: Nature, scope and progress
Methods: A mixed-methods approach was used to qualitatively code components of >200 FCTC implementation reports with Nvivo to determine the extent of FCTC implementation. Descriptive statistics were reported to determine nature of implementation. Additionally, ANOVA was conducted to identify differences in implementation of FCTC provisions in each State Party, and across State Parties, the 6 WHO regions and by levels of income. Furthermore, cochrane- armitage trend test was conducted to evaluate the progress of FCTC implementation in each State during 2003-2012.
Results: There were significant differences in FCTC implementation across State Parties and also by WHO regions, with highest variation for Articles 8, 12 and 13. While all countries have some sort of smoke-free policy, only a few have national laws with 100% coverage. Moreover, while all countries have some sort of cigarette textual health warnings, only a few comply with the FCTC standards. Furthermore, compared to other countries, those in WHO regions of the Americas and Europe have implemented more FCTC provisions.
Conclusion: With the increasing belief that non-communicable diseases can be addressed through health policy governance, this study provides insight into the nature and extent of the implementation of FCTC provisions, which provides the public health community with information about where to channel its efforts within countries and motivate States to implement the FCTC.
Learning Areas:
Advocacy for health and health educationImplementation of health education strategies, interventions and programs
Public health or related laws, regulations, standards, or guidelines
Public health or related organizational policy, standards, or other guidelines
Public health or related public policy
Public health or related research
Learning Objectives:
Assess the scope of implementation of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC)
Distinguish differences in FCTC implementation and its provisions across six WHO regions and levels of income
Create awareness of the progress and importance of implementation of the FCTC, globally and nationally.
Identify gaps in FCTC implementation and encourage mobilization of global resources to aid implementation especially in low- and middle-income countries.
Keyword(s): International Public Health, Tobacco Control
Qualified on the content I am responsible for because: I conduct research in global tobacco control with focus on the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, the interface of international trade/investment and public health, and tobacco control in Africa. The research also involves tobacco industry strategies to market and promote tobacco use worldwide and undermine public health policy and governance.
Any relevant financial relationships? No
I agree to comply with the American Public Health Association Conflict of Interest and Commercial Support Guidelines, and to disclose to the participants any off-label or experimental uses of a commercial product or service discussed in my presentation.