A multi-method approach for designing an effective family-based oral health intervention to prevent early childhood dental caries in southern Brazil

Background/purpose: Early childhood caries negatively impacts the quality of life of children and families, and it is a strong predictor of caries in permanent dentition. In Brazil, although a slight reduction in caries prevalence was observed in 5-year old children, 80% of their teeth remained with cavities, indicating a need for oral health promotion. The purpose of this study was to conceptualize and design an oral health intervention to prevent early childhood dental caries through family behavior change that ultimately could be sustained by Primary Health Care of National Public Health System in Southern Brazil. Methods: A systematic literature review examined current oral health interventions. A population-based oral health survey with 1,123 mother-child dyad provided data on family oral health behaviors and children's prevalence of caries and dental plaque. In-depth interviews with 32 families evaluated their understanding of oral health beliefs, motivations, and barriers to adopt preventive behaviors providing insights into challenges and opportunities for reaching the target audience. The Intervention Mapping Framework was used to guide the intervention design. Results: Results from this mixed-methods approach were combined to identify relevant behavioral determinants and appropriate intervention methods to meet the needs of the target population. The intervention components consist of seven group-based wellness sessions, a video storyline (fotonovela, testimonials and oral health messages) and printed educational materials for parents and children. Conclusions: A pilot-test evaluating perceived feasibility and acceptability by the target audience is now being planned and will be included in our presentation.