Yoga, tai chi, qigong, and health behaviors in the US

Movement-based mind-body therapy such as Yoga, Tai Chi, and Qigong (YTQ) are among the most popular alternatives in the US. However, previous study of mind-body practice has been limited to demographic characteristics and medical condition. Given the growing interest in the effect of physical activities and prayer on health, more research is needed to examine the broader context of health behaviors. Using cross-sectional data from the 2007 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) Alternative Medicine Supplement, this study examined potential correlates of engagement in YTQ practices (N = 23,393). The primary outcome for the study was practice of YTQ within the preceding 12 months, and correlates included sociodemographic characteristics, health behaviors, medical conditions, physical activity, drinking, smoking, and prayer for health. Results: Combining YTQ practitioners into a single category, there were more than 1,485 individuals (6.35%). YTQ practitioners are more likely than non-practitioners to be younger, women, college educated, and uninsured. They were more likely to have one to two chronic conditions. Those who reported psychological distress were more likely to practice YTQ, while those with cardiovascular problems and hypertension were less likely, than those who did not have these problems. YTQ practitioners adopted healthier lifestyles and habits in terms of regular exercise and maintenance of normal weight. This finding suggests that YTQ is being practiced mostly for health maintenance among general public and have the potential to enhance health behaviors and lifestyle change. Health care providers should refer their clients to an appropriate mind-body practice.