Online Program

275613
Community interventions for health (CIH) reduce risk factors for non-communicable disease in adults


Monday, November 4, 2013

Pamela Dyson, PhD, RD, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism (OCDEM), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
Denis Anthony, PhD RN, Harris Manchester College, Oxford, United Kingdom
Brenda Fenton, PhD, Matrix Public Health Solutions Inc, New Haven, CT
Denise Stevens, PhD, MATRIX Public Health Consultants, Inc, New Haven, CT
Beatriz Champagne, PhD, InterAmerican Heart Foundation Inc, Dallas, TX
Li-Ming Li, MD, School of Public Health Science Studies, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
Jun Lv, PhD, School of Public Health Science Studies, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
Jorge Ramirez Hernandez, PhD, InterAmerican Heart Foundation Inc, Dallas, TX
KR Thankappan, MD, Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, India
David Matthews, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism (OCDEM), Univesity of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
Non-communicable disease (NCD) is increasing rapidly in low and middle-income countries (LMIC), and is associated with tobacco use, unhealthy diet and physical inactivity. Community approaches are recommended to reduce risk of NCD, but there is limited high-grade evidence in LMIC. Methods. The Community Interventions for Health (CIH) program was a non-randomised, controlled study undertaken in three communities in China, India and Mexico. Culturally appropriate interventions to reduce risk factors were delivered in the intervention areas. Two independent cross-sectional surveys of a stratified sample of adults aged 18-64 years were conducted at baseline and follow-up, after 18-24 months of intervention activities. Results. 6,194 adults completed surveys at baseline, and 6,022 at follow-up. There were significant reductions in all risk factors (except tobacco) in the intervention group (I) compared to control (C). The proportion of people meeting physical activity recommendations decreased significantly in C but not in I (C: 44.1 to 30.2%, p=<0.001; I: 38·0 to 36·1%, p=0.128). The proportion eating >5 portions of fruit and vegetables daily decreased significantly in C (19.2 to 17.2%, p=0.037) but did not change in I (20.0 to 19.6%, p=0.42). The proportion adding salt to food remained unchanged in C (C: 24.9 to 23.9%, p=0.709) but decreased in I (25.9 to 19.6%, p<0.001). Prevalence of obesity increased in C (8.3 to 11.2%, p<0.001) with no significant change in I (8.6 to 9.7%, p=0.175). Conclusions. CIH reduced risk factors for NCD following interventions in community settings in China, India and Mexico.

Learning Areas:

Chronic disease management and prevention

Learning Objectives:
List the three main risk factors for non-communicable disease (NCD) Identify culturally appropriate community interventions for reducing the risk factors for NCD Describe the outcomes of a community programme to reduce the risk of NCD

Keyword(s): Adult Health, Chronic Diseases

Presenting author's disclosure statement:

Not Answered