Epidemiological methods are essential in providing and synthesizing evidence-based information for developing health policy. The National Committee on Colorectal Cancer Screening relied on such methods to explore the potential effectiveness and feasibility of population-based colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in Canada and to develop national recommendations. Established screening criteria by Wilson and Jungner (The World Heath Organization, 1968) were reviewed and assessed. Recognizing issues that are unique to Canada, the necessary information to support each of these criteria was identified, gaps in information were highlighted and emergent questions were addressed. Evidence on the efficacy of the fecal occult blood test (FOBT) in screening for CRC was evaluated from published randomized controlled trials. Literature reviews provided other supporting information while interviews with key informants provided information on resource implications. Statistical modeling generated estimates on the impact of population-based FOBT screening in Canada, with estimates on potential mortality reductions, resource requirements and cost-effectiveness. For example, the Population Health Model (POHEM) estimated that a 10-year biennial FOBT screening program targeted at Canadians aged 50-74 could result in a 16.7% reduction in mortality from CRC. The relevance of these methods to the ultimate development of public health policy will be discussed.
Learning Objectives: At the end of this presentation, the participant will be able: 1. to identify epidemiologic methods to evaluate and generate information for developing public health policy 2. to gain a better understanding of the public health issues surrounding colorectal cancer screening in Canada
Keywords: Cancer Screening, Public Health Policy
Presenting author's disclosure statement:
Organization/institution whose products or services will be discussed: none
I do not have any significant financial interest/arrangement or affiliation with any organization/institution whose products or services are being discussed in this session.