Milk, a low-cost, nutritious food historically has played a key role in a healthful diet. It is an outstanding source of calcium and other essential nutrients. A recent focus on its possible role in the etiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus and on the fact that a substantial proportion of the population has some degree of lactose intolerance has led some to argue that milk should be eliminated from federally funded programs, including the National School Lunch Program.
The American Academy of Pediatrics’ recommendation that all infants avoid cow’s milk during the first year of life is underscored for infants with a strong family history of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Yet, studies in this area are few, limited in scope, and subject to bias.
The prevalence of lactose intolerance varies from 15% (whites) to 80% (African Americans), and symptoms generally develop between 3 and 7 years of age. Lactose maldigestion does not necessitate complete milk avoidance, however. Degree of intolerance varies, and small servings spaced throughout the day are usually well-tolerated.
The dramatic increase in calcium fortified foods has led some to suggest them as substitutes for milk. Unfortunately, higher cost and failure to replace other nutrients in milk are not addressed by such a solution. Based on the overwhelming evidence of the importance of milk in the American diet, lack of strong evidence for health risks or complete intolerance, a change in the current USDA policy of including milk in the School Lunch Program is unwarranted at this time.
Learning Objectives: By the close of this session, participants will be able to: 1. Recognize the importance of milk to a healthful diet. 2. Evaluate the role of calcium-fortified foods in the diet
Keywords: Federal Policy,
Presenting author's disclosure statement:
Organization/institution whose products or services will be discussed: None
I do not have any significant financial interest/arrangement or affiliation with any organization/institution whose products or services are being discussed in this session.